2020-08-31 英文也有「錯綜法」?!學會抽換詞面,輕鬆提升英文作文分數!現在就換掉這18個過度基本的單字。
抽換詞面是什麼?可以吃嗎?
「南山烈烈,飄風發發。民莫不穀,我獨何害。南山律律,飄風弗弗。民莫不穀,我獨不卒。」
——《詩經‧小雅‧蓼莪》
多麼感嘆的一首詩!大家都享受著天倫美好、都能孝順父母,但只有我受到禍害、無法終養雙親。看到這邊真的都要哭了啦~
欸好了多了回來回來,為什麼今天帶著大家看詩經?其實是想要探討「抽換詞面」這種在國文很常看見的修辭法。「烈烈」與「律律」都是是高大的意思,「發發」與「弗弗」都是風大力吹拂的意思,那古人在幹嘛呢?嘿嘿,他們這樣做,其實就是為了不要因為持續寫重複的字,讓作文變得無聊了而已。這種透過改變用字,來創造文章新鮮感和使文句富有變化的修辭,就叫做「抽換詞面」。
什麼~你說這東西也可以用來提升英文作文程度?
許多英文檢定都需要寫作文,但台灣高中生往往會有一個共同困擾,那就是:連中文都無法表達自己的想法了,換成英文是要叫我怎麼寫啊!其實寫英文作文也有許多技巧,但也要注意不要進入寫作的誤區。今天就讓我們來看看其中一個在英文作文上常常犯的錯誤——「重複使用初階單字 」,以及應該如何改善它吧!
措辭、措辭、還是措辭
當我們脫離談話場合,換到白紙上表達自己的想法,偶爾就會當機,想不到「那個字是什麼」!而在英文作文書寫上,我們常會過度使用某些字,想寫「非常」、「看」的時候,我們就是無法想到比"Very"、"Look"更好的單字來充分說出自己腦袋瓜裡的東西,於是就只在作文卷上留下這些基本的單字。
一直Very very,你還會不會講別的!
就像是在寫國文作文,你會不會用「祝融」來代指火災,「滄海一粟」來代替「這東西好小」,會不會用「別的字」、「高級的字」來替換「初階單字」,以及每次出現同一個主題時,你的用詞有沒有變化,其實評卷老師們都看在眼裡!檢視看看在英文寫作上有沒有這樣的問題吧~想描寫美麗動人的時候,你是不是一直寫"Beautiful"呢?重複出現的時候,其實可以替換成"Stunning"," Astonishing", "Gorgeous", "Ravishing"等等單字,都能有效顯示你比別人知道更多單字,懂的精確表達,讓自己的作文更被看見!
為何選擇近義字很重要?
如果我們一直重複使用剛開始學英文就能夠學到的單字,沒有思考如何更細緻的表達,就會很容易產出一篇平庸的作文(也就是會跟大部分人寫出來得很像),也會讓看的人覺得無聊。更重要的,是我們必須去思考,我們使用的字,是否有精準解釋我們意圖傳遞的訊息。舉例來說:"Very"這個字的意思到底是什麼?仔細想想,其實它不太具有描述性,若是重複使用也會讓我們的作文充滿贅字。因此,今天我們整理了一些可以抽換的單字表供大家使用,能夠在寫作時加入替換。一定能夠大大提升諸位的作文成績,也讓一篇作文變得亮眼出眾!
Bad
別再寫"Bad",下面25個單字任你替換!
abominable, appalling, atrocious, awful, beastly, careless, cheap, crummy, defective, dire, dreadful, erroneous, faulty, frightening, gross, horrid, inferior, inadequate, incorrect, lousy, poor, raunchy, rough, shocking, unacceptable
Big
別再寫"Big",下面25個單字任你替換!
bulky, burly, colossal, considerable, enormous, fat, gigantic, gross, heavyweight, hefty, huge, humungous, husky, immense, jumbo, mammoth, massive, monster, oversize, sizable, thundering, titan, tremendous, vast, voluminous, whopping
Funny
別再寫"Funny",下面21個單字任你替換!
amusing, capricious, comical, clever, droll, engaging, entertaining, hilarious, humorous, hysterical, joking, jolly, laughable, merry, playful, priceless, rich, riot, silly, whimsical, witty
Good
別再寫"Good",下面25個單字任你替換!
admirable, agreeable, commendable, excellent, exceptional, fabulous, fantastic, favorable great, honorable, marvelous, neat, phenomenal, pleasing, positive, precious, satisfactory, spectacular, splendid, super, superb, valuable, wonderful, wondrous, worthy
Happy
別再寫"Happy",下面25個單字任你替換!
beaming, blissful, cheerful, chipper, delightful, ecstatic, elated, excited, glad, gleeful, intoxicated, joyful, jubilant, lively, merry, mirthful, overjoyed, peppy, perky, playful, pleased, sparkling, thrilled, tickled , upbeat
Know
別再寫"Know",下面17個單字任你替換!
appreciate, apprehend, catch, comprehend, conceive, discern, envision, estimate, experience, fathom, gauge, grasp, imagine, learn, measure, notice, perceive, realize, recognize, see, think , understand
Laugh
別再寫"Laugh",下面18個單字任你替換!
burst, cackle, chuckle, crow, exult, giggle, grin, guffaw, howl, rejoice, roar, shriek, snicker, snort, teehee, titter, whoop, yuck
Like
別再寫"Like",下面22個單字任你替換!
admire, adore, appreciate, care, cherish, commend, devoted, embrace, esteem, exalt, fancy, fond, glorify, honor, idolize, love, prize, respect, revere, treasure, value, worship
Little
別再寫"Little",下面21個單字任你替換!
bitsy, dainty, delicate, diminutive, infant, microscopic, mini, minor, minute, modest, petite, puny, short, slight, slim, slender, small, teensy, teeny, tiny, undersized
Look
別再寫"Look",下面22個單字任你替換!
behold, bore, eye, fix, flash, focus, gander, gawk, gaze, glance, glare, inspect, leer, notice, observe, peel, regard, squint, stare, survey, view
Mad
別再寫"Mad",下面21個單字任你替換!
angry, annoyed, enraged, furious, heated, irate, irritable, offended, outraged, exasperated, incensed, boiling, upset, riled, livid, aggravated, fuming, steamed, cross, indignant
Nice
別再寫"Nice",下面25個單字任你替換!
amiable, charming, cordial, courteous, delightful, favorable, friendly, genial, gentle, gracious, helpful, inviting, kind, lovely, obliging, peaceful, peachy, pleasant, polite, swell, sympathetic, tender, welcoming, well-mannered, winning
Pretty
別再寫"Pretty",下面20個單字任你替換!
attractive, beautiful, cute, appealing, sweet, gorgeous, striking, eye-catching, alluring, charming, pleasing, pleasant, lovely, delightful, fascinating, desirable, stunning, graceful, fair, elegant
Sad
別再寫"Sad",下面21個單字任你替換!
depressing, gloomy, miserable, cheerless, distressed, heartbroken, discouraged, bitter, melancholy, pessimistic, somber, sorrowful, sorry, wistful, blue, dejected, despondent, downcast, forlorn, grieved, troubled
Said
別再寫"Said",下面36個單字任你替換!
alleged, argued, asked, asserted, babbled, bellowed, bragged, commented, complained, cried, declined, demanded, denied, encouraged, expressed, giggled, growled, hissed, inquired, lied, moaned, nagged, rebuked, rebutted, replied, rejected, retorted, roared, scolded, shrieked, shrugged, stated, taunted, vowed, warned, whined, whispered, yelled
Ugly
別再寫"Ugly",下面20個單字任你替換!
awful, beastly, deformed, disfigured, foul, frightful, grotesque, grisly, gross, gruesome, hideous, homely, plain, repelling, repugnant, revolting, unattractive, uninviting, unseemly, unsightly
Very
別再寫"Very",下面33個單字任你替換!
awfully, chiefly, clearly, completely, deeply , dreadfully, enormously, especially, , exceedingly, exceptionally, extraordinarily, extremely, evidently, fantastically, greatly infinitely, immeasurably, immensely, incredibly, intensely, mainly, notably, obviously, outstandingly, particularly, remarkably, seriously, significantly, tremendously, uniquely, unusually, vastly, wholly
Went
別再寫"Went",下面35個單字任你替換!
avoid, bolt, bound, depart, exit, escape, flee, fly, hike, hop, jaunt, jolt, journey, jump, leap, leave, lurch, march, mosey, move, pace, parade, pass, progress, retreat, saunter, scoot, skip, split, step, stride, stroll, tour, travel, vanish
結語:擁有自己的近義字筆記本
最後,筆者想要提醒大家的是,學習英文的路程很漫長,寫作也需要長時間的練習和觀摩才能累計實力。根據今天介紹的內容,若是能夠學會抽換詞面,不僅在表達上可以更精準,也會凸顯文章論點的力道。想要解決重複使用基礎單字的問題,背單字當然是基本功。如果發現在單字表裡面有很多字是自己還不熟悉的,那代表字彙量還需要加強;但如果已經熟悉可以替換的單字,在寫作上卻還是無法使用出來,那可能是因為「不夠瞭解單字的意思以及單字之間的關聯」,這時候不妨製作「近義字筆記本」,讓我們能夠更熟練,當我們想寫“Ugly“(醜陋)的時候,其實我們真正想到的是"Deformed"(畸形)。祝福大家在英文學習路上一切順利~